VTOD.org -- A Bibliography of 'Effectiveness of Vision Therapy' References

Courtesy of David A. Goss, OD, PhD, FAAO, FCOVDA

Suggestions for additions to this bibliography should be sent to:
David A. Goss
School of Optometry, Indiana University
Bloomington, IN 47405
dgoss@indiana.edu

Alphabetical by Author

• Afanador AJ.
  Auditory biofeedback and intermittent exotropia. J Am Optom Assoc 1982;53(6):481-483.
• Altizer LB.
  The nonsurgical treatment of exotropia. Am Orthoptic J 1972;22:71-76.
• American Academy of Optometry American Optometric Association Joint Statement.
  Vision Therapy: Information for Health Care and Other Allied Professionals. Optom Vis Sci 1999;76(11):739-740.
• American Optometric Association.
  Position statement on vision therapy. J Am Optom Assoc 1985;56(10):782-783.
• Birnbaum MH, Koslowe K, Sanet R.
  Success in ambylopia therapy as a function of age: a literature survey. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1977;54(5):269-275.
• Birnbaum MH, Soden R, Cohen AH.
  Efficacy of vision therapy for convergence insufficiency in an adult male population. J Am Optom Assoc 1999;70(4):225-232.
• Bobier WR, Sivak JG.
  Orthoptic treatment of subjects showing slow accommodative responses. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1983;60(8):678-687.
• Camuccio D, Griffin JR.
  Visual skills therapy - a case report. Optom Monthly 1982;73(2):94-96.
• Chryssanthou G.
  Orthoptic management of intermittent exotropia. Am Orthoptic J 1974;24:69-72.
• Ciuffreda KJ.
  The scientific basis for and efficacy of optometric vision therapy in nonstrabismic accommodative and vergence disorders. Optom 2002;73:735-762.
• Coffey B, Wick B, Cotter S, Sharre J, Horner D.
  Treatment options in intermittent exotropia: a critical appraisal. Optom Vis Sci 1992;69(5):386-404.
• Cohen AH.
  The efficacy of optometric vision therapy. J Am Optom Assoc 1988;59(2):95-105.
• Cohen AH, Soden R.
  Effectiveness of visual therapy for convergence insufficiencies for an adult population. J Am Optom Assoc 1984;55(7):491-494.
• Cooper EL, Leyman IA.
  The management of intermittent exotropia: A comparison of the results of surgical and nonsurgical treatment. Am Orthoptic J 1977;27:61-67.
• Cooper J, Duckman R.
  Convergence insufficiency: incidence, diagnosis, and treatment. J Am Optom Assoc 1978;49(6):673-680.
• Cooper J, Feldman J.
  Operant conditioning of fusional convergence ranges using random dot stereograms. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1980;57(4):205-213.
• Cooper J, Feldman K, Selenow A, Fair R, Buccerio F, MacDonald D, Levy M.
  Reduction of asthenopia after accommodative facility training. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1987;64(6):430-436.
• Cooper J, Medow N.
  Major Review: Intermittent exotropia: Basic and divergence excess type. Bin Vis Eye Muscle Surg 1993;8(3):185-216.
• Cooper J, Selenow A, Ciuffreda KJ, Feldman J, Faverty J, Hokoda SC, Silver J.
  Reduction of asthenopia in patients with convergence insufficiency after fusional vergence training. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1983;60(12):982-989.
• Cornsweet TN, Crane HD.
  Training the visual accommodation system. Vision Res 1973;13(3):713-715.
• Dalziel CC.
  Effect of vision training on patients who fail Sheard's criterion. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1981;58(1):21-23.
• Daum KM.
  The course and effect of visual training on the vergence system. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1982;59(3):223-227.
• Daum KM.
  A comparison of the results of tonic and phasic vergence training. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1983;60(9):769-775.
• Daum KM.
  Accommodative dysfunction. Doc Ophthalmol 1983;55(3):177-198.
• Daum KM.
  Accommodative insufficiency. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1983;60(5):352-359.
• Daum KM.
  Divergence excess: characteristics and results of treatment with orthoptics. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 1984;4(1):15-24.
• Daum KM.
  Convergence insufficiency. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1984;61(1):16-22.
• Daum KM.
  Equal exodeviations: Characteristics and results of treatment with orthoptics. Aust J Optom 1984;67(2):53-59.
• Etting GL.
  Strabismus therapy in private practice: Cure rates after three months of therapy. J Am Optom Assoc 1978;49(12):1367-1373.
• Ficarra AP, Berman J, Rosenfield M, Portello JK.
  Vision training: predictive factors for success in visual therapy for patients with convergence excess. J Optom Vis Dev 1996;27(4):213-219.
• FitzGerald D, Krumholtz I.
  Maintenance of improvement gains in refractive amblyopia: a comparison of treatment modalities. Optom 2002;73(3):153-159.
• Flax N, Duckman RH.
  Orhoptic treatment of strabismus. J Am Optom Assoc 1978;49(12):1353-1361.
• Frantz KA.
  The importance of multiple treatment modalities in a case of divergence excess. J Am Optom Assoc 1990;61(6):457-462.
• Friedhoffer A.
  The efficacy of training. Optom Weekly 1974;65:975-976.
• Gallaway M, Scheiman M.
  The efficacy of vision therapy for convergence excess. J Am Optom Assoc 1997;68(2):81-86.
• Gallaway M, Scheiman M, Malhotra K.
  The effectiveness of pencil pushups treatment for convergence insufficiency: a pilot study. Optom Vis Sci 2002;79(4):265-267.
• Garriott RS, Heyman CL, Rouse MW.
  Role of optometric vision therapy for surgically treated strabismus patients. Optom Vis Sci 1997;74(4):179-184.
• Garzia RP.
  Efficacy of vision therapy in amblyopia: a literature review. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1987;64(6):393-404.
• Goldrich SG.
  Optometric therapy of divergence excess strabismus. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1980;57(1):7-14.
• Goodson RA, Rahe AJ.
  Visual training effects on normal vision. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1981;58(10):787-791.
• Goss DA, Strand K, Poloncak J.
  Effect of vision therapy on clinical test results in accommodative dysfunction. J Optom Vis Dev 2003;34(2):61-63.
• Goss DA, Downing B, Lowther A, Horner DG, Blemker M, Donaldson L, Malsom T, Gray K.
  The effect of HTS vision therapy conducted in a school setting on reading skills in third and fourth grade students. Optom Vis Dev 2007;38(1):27-32.
• Griffin JR.
  Efficacy of vision therapy for non-strabismic vergence anomalies. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1987;64(6):411-414.
• Grisham JD.
  Visual therapy results for convergence insufficiency: a literature review. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1988;65(6):448-454.
• Grisham JD, Bowman MC, Owyang LA, Chan CL.
  Vergence orthoptics: validity and persistence of the training effect. Optom Vis Sci 1991;68(6):441-451.
• Haldi B, Mitchelson JE.
  Amblyopia therapy: Expected results from standard techniques. Am Orthoptic J 1981;31:19-28.
• Heath G, Hofstetter HW.
  The effect of orthoptics on the zone of binocular vision in intermittent exotropia. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom 1952;29(1):12-31.
• Hoffman L, Cohen AH, Feuer G.
  Effectiveness of non-strabismus optometric vision training in a private practice. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom 1973;50(10):813-816.
• Kertesz AE.
  The effectiveness of wide-angle fusional stimulation in the treatment of convergence insufficiency. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1982;22(5):690-693.
• Krumholtz I, FitzGerald D.
  Efficacy of treatment modalities in refractive amblyopia. J Am Optom Assoc 1999;70(6):399-404.
• Krumholtz I, FitzGerald D.
  Outcome indicators in a strabismic sample treated by vision therapy. J Behav Optom 1999;10(6):143-146.
• Lane KA, Maples WC.
  Parents’ satisfaction with vision therapy. J Behav Optom 1995;6(6):151-153.
• Lithander J, Sjostrand J.
  Anisometropic and strabismic amblyopia in the age group 2 years and above: A prospective study of the results of treatment. Br J Ophthalmol 1991;75(2):111-116.
• Liu JS, Lee M, Jang J, Ciuffreda KJ, Wong JH, Grisham D, Stark L.
  Objective assessment of accommodation orthoptics. I. Dynamic insufficiency. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1979;56(5):285-294.
• Ludlam WM.
  Orthoptic treatment of strabismus. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom 1961;38(7):369-388.
• Ludlam WM, Kleinman BI.
  The long range results of orthoptic treatment of strabismus. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom 1965;42(11):647-683.
• Ludlam WM, Twarowski C, Ludlam DP.
  Optometric visual training for reading disability:a case report. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1973;50(1):58-66.
• Mazow ML, France TD, Finkleman S, Frank J, Jenkins P.
  Acute accommodative and convergence insufficiency. Tr Am Ophthalmol Soc 1989;87:158-173.
• Mellick A.
  Convergence deficiency: an investigation into the results of treatment. Br J Ophthalmol 1950;3441-46.
• Morgan MW.
  An investigation of the use of stereoscopic targets in orthoptics. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom 1947;24(9):411-432.
• North RV, Henson DB.
  Effect of orthoptics upon the ability of patients to adapt to prism-induced heterophoria. Amn J Optom Physiol Opt 1982;59(12):983-986.
• Oliver M, Neumann R, Chaimovitch Y, Gotesman N, Shimshoni M.
  Compliance and results of treatment for amblyopia in children more than 8 years old. Am J Ophthalmol 1986;102(3):340-345.
• Pantano FM.
  Orthoptic treatment of convergence insufficiency: A two-year follow-up report. Am Orthoptic J 1982;32:73-80.
• Rouse MW.
  Management of binocular anomalies: efficacy of vision therapy in the treatment of accommodative deficiencies. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1987;64(6):415-420.
• Russell GE, Wick B.
  A prospective study of treatment of accommodative insufficiency. Opt Vis Sci 1993;70(2):131-135.
• Rutstein RP, Fuhr PS.
  Efficacy and stability of amblyopia therapy. Optom Vis Sci 1992;69(10):747-754.
• San Filippo S, Clahane A.
  The effectiveness of orthoptics alone in selected cases of exodeviation: the immediate results and several years later. Am Orthoptic J 1970;20:104-117.
• Saulles H.
  Treatment of refractive amblyopia in adults. J Am Optom Assoc 1987;58(12):959-960.
• Scheiman M, Cotter S, Mitchell GL, et al.
  Randomized clinical trial of treatments for symptomatic convergence insufficiency in children. Arch Ophthalmol 2008;126:1336-1349.
• Scheiman M, Mitchell GL, Cotter S, et al.
  A randomized clinical trial of treatments for convergence insufficiency in children. Arch Ophthalmol 2005;123:14-24.
• Scheiman M, Mitchell GL, Cotter S, et al.
  A randomized clinical trial of vision therapy/orthoptics versus pencil push-ups for the treatment of convergence insufficiency in young adults. Optom Vis Sci 2005;82:583-593.
• Selenow A, K.J. C.
  Vision function recovery during orthoptic therapy in an adult esotropic amblyope. J Am Optom Assoc 1986;57(2):132-140.
• Siderov J.
  Improving interactive facility with vision training. Clin Exp Optom 1990;73(4):128-131.
• Simmers AJ, Gray LS, McGraw PV, Winn B.
  Functional visual loss in amblyopia and the effect of occlusion therapy. Invest Ophthal Vis Sci 1999;40(12):2859-2871.
• Sterner B, Abrahamsson M, Sjostrom A.
  Accommodative facility training with a long term follow up in a sample of school aged children showing accommodative dysfunction. Doc Ophthalmol 1999;99(1):93-101.
• Sterner B, Abrahamsson M, Sjostrom A.
  The effects of accommodative facility training on a group of children with impaired relative accommodation--a comparison between dioptric treatment and sham treatment. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2001;21(6):470-476.
• Suchoff IB, Petito GT.
  The efficacy of visual therapy: accommodative disorders and non-strabismic anomalies of binocular vision. J Am Optom Assoc 1986;57(2):119-125.
• Sullivan M.
  Results in the treatment of anisometropic amblyopia. Am Orthoptic J 1976;26:37-42.
• Vaegan.
  Convergence and divergence show large and sustained improvement after short isometric exercise. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1979;56(1):23-33.
• Vaegan, McMonnies C.
  Clinical vergence training. Aust J Optom 1979;62(1):28-36.
• Watson PG, Sanac AS, Pickering MS.
  A comparison of various methods of treatment of amblyopia: A block study. Tr Ophthalmol Soc UK 1985;104:319-328.
• Weisz CL.
  Clinical therapy for accommodative responses: transfer effects upon performance. J Am Optom Assoc 1979;50(2):209-216.
• Wick B.
  Vision training for presbyopic nonstrabismic patients. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1977;54(4):244-247.
• Wick B, Wingard M, Cotter S, Scheiman M.
  Anisometropic amblyopia: is the patient ever too old to treat? Optom Vis Sci 1992;69(11):866-878.
• Wold RM, Pierce JR, Keddington J.
  Effectiveness of optometric vision therapy. J Am Optom Assoc 1978;49(9):1047-1054.
• Ziegler D, Huff D, Rouse MW.
  Success in strabismus therapy: a literature review. J Am Optom Assoc 1982;53(12):979-983.